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Spindle

[under construction] In woodworking, the term, Spindle, has several meanings. In the furniture field, a spindle is a slender rod, sometimes rounded, but -- in Arts and Crafts designs -- also square. In its round format, usually tapering toward each end, as in the Windsor chair.  In the tool field, a spindle is a rotating rod or arbor; it can be solid or hollow. A spindle, for example, is used in a drill press—at one end is the chuck and at the other is the drive wheel.

shaper spindles





One meaning is for the mechanism on shapers designed to hold shaper cutters securely while the motor rotates the cutters at speeds that range from 4,500 to 10,000 revolutions per minute. Below, on left, is a spindle for a shaper, but fitted with an adapter to make a  shaper a "router
table".



shaper spindle with router bit adapter








windsor chair







A second meaning identifies the "basic elements on the back of a Windsor chair", that is the slender round pieces of wood that stretch from "sockets" the Windsor's seat to the "hoop-back". Below the seat are another set of slender pieces of wood, the "stretchers", similar to spindles, whose function is to stabilize the Windsor's legs.